The Fortunes of the Rougons - Emile Zola

 Finally, I found where to begin with Zola's Rougon-Macquart sequence.   Some of the novels I have already read and reviewed here belong to the cycle (The Belly of Paris, The Debacle, Germinal) but I wanted to start at the undisputed beginning.   That is here, with The Fortunes of the Rougons (1871).

The book is set in December 1851, when a coup d'etat in Paris installed Napoleon III and the Second Empire.   The key events were in Paris but there were also popular uprisings all over the country, including Provence.   Zola was partly raised in Aix-en-Provence which here he renames Plassans.

Zola made a key decision - to confine the action to Plassans and its immediate neighbourhood.   Action elsewhere is brought in by letter and, to a much lesser extent, newspapers.   There is a key period in the month when nobody in Plassans knows what is happening elsewhere.   Pierre Rougon, a middleaged bourgois, has a son in Paris who keeps him as up-to-date as he can.   Backed by his ambitious wife Felicite, Pierre seizes control of the town and acts as mayor - the actual mayor having been taken prisoner by the local insurgents.

The complicating factor, the stroke of authorial brilliance, is that Rougon's implacable enemy is his half-brother Antoine Macquart, who sets himself up as a rebel purely to oppose Pierre.   There was also a half-sister, Ursule, who married and moved away.   One of her sons has married one of Pierre's daughters, the other, seventeen year-old Silvere, is living in Plassans with his grandmother, the half-mad eccentric 'Aunt Dide'.

Silvere begins and ends the novel.   It begins with him and his thirteen year-old sweetheart waiting to join the army of insurgents heading their way.   The rebels pass through Plassans at dead of night, simply capturing a trio of big wigs they happen upon and moving on.   Around the midpoint of the book there is a battle in which the rebels are defeated.   Miette is killed, Silvere captured.   It ends with him being returned to Plassans where a gendarme he accidentally injured executes him.

Zola's second key decision is the way in which he includes the necessary back story.   There is a lot of it and it has to go in because, as he tells us in the preface, Zola's purpose is to prove that "Heredity, like gravity, has its laws."   Yet it must not be allowed to outweigh or unbalance the narrative.   So in Chapter One he deals with the rebels passing through Plassans and leaving with Silvere and Miette.   Chapter Two describes Plassans waking the next day, speculating on what happened.   Thus we meet people who live there and the relationships between some of them.   We meet the Rougons.   Pierre is embarrassed by his mother and half-siblings.   We then go back fifty years to when Dide was widowed and took up with the poacher Macquart, who sired Antoine and Ursule.

And so on...   The book hops backward and forwards in time in substantial chunks.   This means we always know when and where we are and are always uncovering more insights into the main characters.   By the end of the book this is what we are expecting, so Zola cleverly does something different.   The first clues to Silvere's death are delivered in what seems like a waking dream of Aunt Dide.   Even she does not know if it is real or not.   Antoine and Pierre both assume she is talking about the long-gone poacher Macquart and his lifelong war with the gendarmerie.   But no, Dide actually witnessed the death of her grandson while out buying brandy for Antoine - and wow, does that hit home.

I've been spending a lot of time recently considering the French Naturalists and Realists, notably the trio of Zola, Maupassant and Huysmans.   The fact is, I enjoy them all.   The Fortunes of the Rougons I particularly enjoyed.

Next question: do I continue in publication order or in the order recommended by whoever wrote the Wikipedia  essay?

British Weird - ed. James Machin

 It's a shame Handheld Press went out of business, because this is a nicely-presented anthology, part of a series which has decided to venture off the usual track in order to introduce to fans of the genre some long forgotten classics.   Here, for example, we have Arthur Machen's 'N', which happens to be the starting point for Alan Moore's marvellous Great When which I reviewed here earlier this year.   In the same vein is 'Mappa Mundi' by Mary Butts, who was an occultist contemporary of Machen and Aleister Crowley.   Editor James Machin has also included an essay by Butts from 1933 in which she has some startling things to say about alternative realities and her personal experience thereof.   I had never comes across John Buchan's weird fiction before but must find more of it.   I'm not particularly a fan of E F Benson or Edith Nesbit but they certainly merit inclusion here.   I am a big fan of Algernon Blackwood and thoroughly enjoyed 'The Willows', which I had not come across before.

Machin's introduction is excellent.   I note he has written a book on Weird Fiction in Britain 1880-1939.   That sounds like exactly my cup of tea.

The Lock-Up - John Banville

 Banville used to write the Dublin Quirke series as Benjamin Black.   DI St John Strafford was always written as Banville (see Snow, reviewed below).   Apparently the two came together in April in Spain, with significant consequences.   Hence we have The Lock-Up, by John Banville, as the second Strafford & Quirke mystery.

To be honest, it's not that much of a mystery.   The villain of the piece is evident quite early on.   I don't much enjoy Strafford as a character either, though Banville does make him more likeable during the course of the book.   I also miss old Hackett, now DCI Hackett and looking forward to retirement.   Despite these reservations, and the odd quibble plotwise, I thoroughly enjoyed The Lock-Up.   Banville's skill as a writer of the very highest quality shines through in the characterisation, the interplay, the psychological insights.   

There's one scene, in which Tommy McEvoy, Hackett's onetime school friend, now Bishop Tom, summons the DCI "for a jar over at rhe HQ."  HQ, queries Hackett.   "Wynn's Hotel - don't you know that's where the clergy congregrate.   On a Saturday night you'd think you were in the penguin house up at rhe zoo."   His purpose is put jovial ecclesiastical pressure on the Guards to look elsewhere for a culprit.   It's as good as anything I've read by Banville.   And Molly Jacobs makes a convincing love interest for Quirke.

It's all high quality entertainment and a fitting development of the Quirke strand.

Shanghai - Joseph Kanan

 I've long been a fan of Joseph Kanon.   Several of his novels have already been reviewed on this blog.   Picking up Shanghai (2024) was pretty much a no-brainer.

Actually, it is step forward for Kanon.   It's shorter, for one thing, focussing solely on the central relationships; Daniel Lohr, an active German Communist, forced to leave Nazi Berlin in 1939; his uncle Nathan, who funds his passage from Trieste to Shanghai; Leah Auerbach, also on the boat, who is fleeing Vienna with her mother; and Yamada, high-ranking officer of the Kempeitai, the Japanese equivalent of the Nazi Gestapo.

You can always be confident that Kanon has done deep research.   I knew where things stood in China in the late Thirties - the Japanese invasion, the Rape of Nanking - but I had never heard of the Kempeitai.   Likewise, I knew Shanghai was a British outpost and therefore assumed it was highly corrupt, but I had no idea of just how corrupt.

Nathan (with the assumed surname Green) came to Shanghai from America where, it is suggested, he may have run up againt the mob.   Now he runs a night club casino and is about to open a major new one, appropriately called the Gold Rush, in partnership with the rival gangsters Wu Tsai and Xi Ling.   On opening night, Nathan is shot.   Daniel suddenly finds himself in charge.   Leah, who he fell for on the journey East, has been taken up by Yamata, thus instantly becoming unacceptable to any eligible westerner.   

Getting Nathan medical assistance has brought Daniel back in contact with his old comrades in the Communist underground.   They want him to carry out a special mission...

To say more would be to give the game away.   The point is, Kanon builds a tremendous amount of both detail and nuance into a highly compressed plot.   The prose is much tighter than in previous books.   Kanon was always a classy prosodist but his Shaghai style packs extra punch.   Like I say, I was always a fan.   Shanghai is the best of Kanon I have read so far.

Another Time - W H Auden

 The 1930s were the era of Auden and his circle - the Auden Gang, the Pylon Poets, or (Gawd 'elp us) MacSpaunday.   It began with Auden's Poems and ended with Another Time.   By 1940 Auden was 'married' and living in the USA.   The UK, the England which he loved so profoundly and criticised so briskly in his early work, was at war.   The old gang - Day Lewis, MacNeice and Spender - had gone their separate ways.   Not that they had ever really been together.   The one and only thing they had in common was Auden, and he had been gone - to Germany, China, Iceland and now America - since the middle of the decade.

Another Time is the book in which Auden achieves full maturity.   His technique is refined and elegant, his thoughts serious and profound.   Here we have the magnificent 'Musee des Beaux Arts', the memorial poems for W B Yeats and Sigmund Freud, and the wondrous 'September 1, 1939'.   There are other gems and some dross.   Over all, though, it is a landmark in Auden's development and the development of English poetry as a whole in the Twentieth Century.

What I enjoy about Auden is the indirect approach, the way he draws us in to his way of thinking.   The texts are polished but the meanings are rich, diverse and require long reflection.   I've had this book beside my armchair for something like a year.   Certain poems (mainly the ones cites above) have been read many times until I feel I have finally found and unlocked the puzzles.   Another Time not only changed my mind about Auden, it made me a better person.

The hardback edition, for Faber's 90th anniversary, is a thing of beauty in itself.

Smoke Screen - Jorn Lier Horst & Thomas Enger

Another Horst/Enger collaboration in the Blix/Ramm series.   I can't decide if it comes before or after Unhinged (see below) and that's a good sign, showing you can start anywhere in the run.   It's another cracking idea: a bomb goes off in the centre of Oslo on New Year's Eve; Blix is on duty, Emma Ramm is there because she has a funny feeling.   Blix rescues one victim from the river.   She's carrying ID belonging to Ruth-Kristine Smeplass, whose daughter Patricia was snatched ten years ago and never found.   Patricia's father Christer Storm Isaksen killed a man who said he was involved; Blix was there when he did it.   Now Christer, in gaol but coming to the end of his sentence, has received a photograph which he believes shows Patricia now aged eleven.

Things get even more complicated.   Emma has suffered a personal loss in the bombing.  Only work can keep her occupied.   Blix believes Ruth-Kristine was the target of the bomber.   He digs deeper into the kidnapping.   It's a great yarn, effectively told.   The collaboration works really well.   It all builds nicely towards---

And then, I'm afraid to say, the climax is something of a disappointment.   Plot-wise, it is the only possible ending, but it is poorly done and a pointless epilogue doesn't help.   Even so, Smoke Screen was an enthralling read and not only will I read the next Horst/Enger when I come across it, I saw on social media yesterday that Enger has collaborated with someone else, a lead I shall definitely be pursuing.